1.Wajibi ne a bayyana irin nau'in zane da aka samu, ko zanen taro ne, zane-zane, zane-zane, ko zane-zane, tebur BOM.Daban-daban na kungiyoyin zane suna buƙatar bayyana bayanai daban-daban da mayar da hankali;
-Don sarrafa injina, zaɓi da daidaita abubuwan sarrafawa masu zuwa sun haɗa
A. Zaɓin kayan aikin sarrafawa
B. Zaɓin kayan aikin injin;
C. Zaɓin kayan aikin sarrafawa;
D. Tsarin sarrafawa da saitunan sigina:
E. Zaɓin kayan aikin dubawa masu inganci;
2.Dubi abin da aka kwatanta a cikin zane, wato, taken zane;Ko da yake kowa da kowa yana da nasa zane, kowa da kowa yana bin ƙa'idodin tsara ƙasa.An ƙirƙiri rukunin zane don injiniyoyi su gani.Idan akwai wurare na musamman da yawa waɗanda wasu ba za su iya fahimta ba, ya rasa mahimmancinsa.Don haka, da farko duba sunan abu, lamba, yawa, kayan aiki (idan akwai), rabo, naúrar, da sauran bayanai a cikin sandar take (kusurwar dama ta ƙasa);
3.Ƙayyade jagorancin ra'ayi;Daidaitaccen zane yana da aƙalla kallo ɗaya.Ma'anar ra'ayi ya samo asali ne daga tsinkayar ilimin lissafi, don haka ra'ayi na ra'ayi uku na Gita dole ne ya kasance a fili, wanda shine tushen zanenmu.Fahimtar dangantakar dake tsakanin ra'ayoyi kan zane-zane, za mu iya bayyana siffar samfurin gaba ɗaya bisa ga zane-zanen da ba na layi ba na Gita;Bisa ga ka'idar tsinkaya, ana iya wakilta siffar abu ta hanyar sanya abu a cikin kowane quadrant.Hanyar samun hangen nesa ta hanyar fallasa abu zuwa kashi huɗu na farko ana kiransa gaba ɗaya hanyar tsinkayar kusurwa ta farko.Don haka, ta wannan hanya, ana iya samun hanyoyin tsinkayar kusurwa ta biyu, ta uku, da ta huɗu.
-An yi amfani da hanyar kusurwa ta farko a cikin ƙasashen Turai (kamar UK, Jamus, Switzerland, da dai sauransu);
-Hanyar kusurwa ta uku iri daya ce da alkiblar da muke kallon matsayin abun, don haka kasashe irin su Amurka da Japan suna amfani da wannan hanyar hasashe.
-A cewar ma'auni na kasar Sin CNSB1001, duka hanyar kusurwa ta farko da hanyar kusurwa ta uku suna aiki, amma ba za a iya amfani da su lokaci guda a cikin zane ɗaya ba.
4.Makullin tsarin samfurin daidai;Wannan shi ne mahimmin ra'ayi, wanda ke buƙatar tarawa da iya tunanin sararin samaniya;
5.Ƙayyade girman samfurin;
6.Tsarin, kayan, daidaito, tolerances, tafiyar matakai, surface roughness, zafi magani, surface jiyya, da dai sauransu
Yana da wuya a hanzarta koyon yadda ake karanta hotuna, amma ba zai yiwu ba.Wajibi ne a kafa tushe mai ƙarfi da sannu a hankali, guje wa kurakurai a cikin aiki, da sadarwa da cikakkun bayanai tare da abokan ciniki a cikin lokaci;
Dangane da abubuwan sarrafawa na sama, muna buƙatar sanin wane bayani a cikin zanen zai shafi zaɓinmu na waɗannan abubuwan sarrafawa, wanda shine inda fasahar ke ta'allaka.
1. Zane abubuwan da suka shafi zaɓin kayan aiki:
A. Tsarin tsari da bayyanar sassan, da kayan aikin sarrafawa ciki har da juyawa, niƙa, ƙirƙira, niƙa, ƙwanƙwasa, hakowa, da dai sauransu Don sassan nau'in shaft, mun zaɓi yin amfani da lathe don ƙara nau'in nau'in akwatin.Yawancin lokaci, mukan zaɓi yin amfani da gadon ƙarfe da lata don sarrafa waɗannan ƙwarewa, waɗanda ke cikin ƙwarewar hankali kuma suna da sauƙin koya.
2. B. Abubuwan da ke cikin sassan, a gaskiya ma, mahimmancin la'akari da kayan aikin sassa shine daidaituwa tsakanin machining rigidity da machining daidaito.Tabbas, akwai kuma wasu la'akari game da abubuwan da suka shafi jiki da sinadarai, tare da la'akari da sakin damuwa da sauransu.Wannan kimiyyar jami'a ce.
3. C. Ana tabbatar da daidaiton mashin ɗin sassa sau da yawa ta hanyar daidaiton kayan aikin kanta, amma kuma yana da alaƙa da kusancin hanyar injin.Misali, idan aka kwatanta da injin niƙa, ƙarancin injinan niƙa ba shi da kyau.Idan yana da wani workpiece tare da high surface roughness bukatun, shi ne yawanci dole a yi la'akari da nika inji.A haƙiƙa, akwai nau'ikan injin niƙa da yawa, kamar injin niƙa saman ƙasa, injinan niƙa na silinda, injin niƙa maras tsakiya, injin niƙa da sauransu, wannan kuma yana buƙatar dacewa da tsari da siffar sassan.
D. Ana iya la'akari da farashin sarrafa sassa da kuma kula da farashin sarrafawa a matsayin haɗin fasaha da sarrafa kayan aiki don aikin sarrafa injin, wanda ba abin da talakawa za su iya cimma ba.Wannan yana da rikitarwa kuma yana buƙatar tarawa a cikin ainihin aiki.Alal misali, da m aiki da ake bukata na zanen ne 1.6, wanda zai iya zama mai kyau baƙin ƙarfe ko nika, amma sarrafa yadda ya dace da kuma kudin na wadannan biyu gaba daya, don haka za a yi ciniki-offs da zabi.
2. Zane abubuwa waɗanda ke shafar zaɓin kayan aikin injin
A: Abubuwan sassa da nau'in kayan a zahiri suna buƙatar zaɓin kayan aikin sarrafawa, musamman a cikin sarrafa injin milling.Misalai na yau da kullun sun haɗa da sarrafa ƙarfe, sarrafa aluminum, simintin ƙarfe Q sarrafa ƙarfe, da sauransu. Zaɓin kayan aikin don kayan daban-daban ya bambanta, kuma yawancin kayan suna da takamaiman kayan aikin sarrafawa.
B. Ana rarraba daidaiton mashin ɗin sassa zuwa ƙaƙƙarfan mashin ɗin, injina na ɗan lokaci, da mashin ɗin daidai lokacin aikin injin.Wannan rabon tsari ba wai kawai don inganta ingantattun sassan sassa ba ne, har ma don inganta ingantattun injina da kuma rage yawan damuwa na injina.Haɓaka haɓakar mashin ɗin ya haɗa da zaɓin kayan aikin yankan, kayan aikin injin daɗaɗɗa, da kayan aikin ƙirar ƙima, Akwai nau'ikan ƙananan kayan aikin don madaidaicin ƙarar L.Hayar da ƙara L babbar hanya ce ta ƙimar kuɗi biyu don sarrafa nauyin mercury da nakasar damuwa.Ƙara L kaɗan zuwa tumaki ya fi tasiri wajen sarrafa nauyin mercury da tabbatar da daidaiton aiki.
C. Daidaita na'urorin sarrafawa da zaɓin na'urorin sarrafa su ma suna da alaƙa da na'urorin sarrafawa, kamar yin amfani da wukake na ƙarfe don sarrafa injin ƙarfe, kayan aikin jujjuya kayan aiki, da injin niƙa don sarrafa injin.Kowane nau'in zaɓin kayan aiki yana da nasa takamaiman ilimi da kusanci, kuma yawancin ƙofofin fasaha ba za a iya jagorantar su kai tsaye ta hanyar ka'idar ba, wanda shine babban ƙalubale ga injiniyoyin tsari.D. Kudin sarrafawa na sassa, Kyakkyawan kayan aikin yankan yana nufin inganci mai kyau, inganci mai kyau, amma har da yawan farashi mai yawa, da kuma dogara ga kayan aiki;Kodayake kayan aikin yankan mara kyau suna da ƙarancin inganci kuma suna da wahalar sarrafa inganci, farashin su yana da ƙarancin sarrafawa kuma ya fi dacewa da kayan aiki.Tabbas, a cikin ingantattun hanyoyin sarrafa mashin ɗin, haɓakar farashin sarrafawa ba za a iya sarrafawa ba.
3. Zane abubuwan da suka shafi zaɓin kayan aikin injin
A. Tsarin tsari da bayyanar sassa yawanci gaba ɗaya dogara ne akan ƙirar kayan aiki, har ma da mafi yawan kayan aiki na musamman.Wannan kuma wani muhimmin al'amari ne da ke hana sarrafa injina.Hasali ma, a tsarin gina masana’antu masu hankali, babbar matsala a harkar sarrafa injinan kwamfuta, ita ce kera na’urar sarrafa kwamfuta da na’ura mai kwakwalwa, wanda ke daya daga cikin manyan kalubalen da injiniyoyin ke fuskanta.
B. Gabaɗaya magana, mafi girman daidaiton mashin ɗin wani sashe, ana buƙatar ƙarin daidaitattun kayan aiki.Wannan madaidaicin yana bayyana ta fuskoki daban-daban kamar tsauri, daidaito, da jiyya na tsari, kuma dole ne ya zama na musamman na musamman.Dole ne gyare-gyare na gabaɗaya dole ne su sami daidaituwa a cikin daidaito da tsari, don haka akwai babban ciniki a wannan batun.
C. Tsarin tsarin sarrafawa na sassa, ko da yake zane-zane ba su nuna alamar tsarin ba, ana iya yin hukunci bisa ga zane-zane.Wannan nuni ne na ƙwarewar ma'aikatan EWBV L1200 da 00, wanda injiniyan ƙira ne,
4. Zane abubuwan da ke shafar shirye-shiryen sarrafawa da saitunan sigogi
A. Tsarin da siffar sassan ya ƙayyade zaɓin kayan aikin inji da kayan aiki, da kuma zaɓin hanyoyin sarrafa kayan aiki da kayan aikin yankewa, wanda zai iya rinjayar shirye-shiryen shirye-shiryen injiniyoyi da kuma saita sigogi na mashin.
B. Ingantattun injina, shirye-shirye, da sigogin sassan a ƙarshe suna buƙatar yin aiki da daidaiton injinan sassan, don haka daidaiton injin ɗin na sassan yana buƙatar tabbatar da ma'aunin injina na shirin.
C. Abubuwan buƙatun fasaha don sassa suna nunawa a zahiri a cikin zane-zane da yawa, waɗanda ba wai kawai suna nuna halayen tsarin ba, daidaiton geometric, da jurewar juzu'i na sassan, amma kuma sun haɗa da takamaiman buƙatun fasaha, kamar quenching jiyya, maganin fenti, jiyya na damuwa da damuwa. , da sauransu. Wannan kuma ya ƙunshi canje-canje a cikin sigogin sarrafawa
5. Zane abubuwan da suka shafi zaɓin kayan aikin dubawa masu inganci
A. Tsari da bayyanar sassan, da ingancin sarrafa sassan, ana iya tantance su.Masu sa ido masu inganci, a matsayin mutane masu iko, tabbas za su iya yin wannan aikin, amma sun dogara ga kayan aikin gwaji da makamantansu.Ba za a iya tantance ingancin sassa da yawa da ido kawai ba
B. The machining daidaito da kuma high-madaidaici ingancin dubawa na sassa dole ne a kammala ta hanyar kwararru da kuma high-madaidaici ingancin dubawa kayan aiki, kamar daidaita ma'auni inji, Laser ma'auni kayan, da dai sauransu The machining daidaito bukatun na zane kai tsaye ƙayyade sanyi matsayin. kayan aikin dubawa.
C. Abubuwan buƙatun fasaha na sassa sun dace da buƙatun fasaha da inganci daban-daban, kuma ana buƙatar daidaita kayan aikin dubawa don dacewa da gwajin inganci.Misali, don auna tsayi, zamu iya amfani da calipers, masu mulki, masu daidaitawa guda uku, da sauransu.Don gwada taurin, zamu iya amfani da ma'aunin taurin.Don gwada santsin saman, za mu iya amfani da ma'auni mai ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙa'idodi, da sauransu.Abubuwan da ke sama sune wuraren shigarwa da yawa don mu fahimci zane, waɗanda a zahiri ƙwararrun ƙwararrun injiniyoyi ne na injiniyoyi.Ta hanyar waɗannan wuraren shigarwa, za mu iya fahimta da fassara zane da kyau, da kuma daidaita bukatun zane.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-13-2023
