1.Birakenewe gusobanura ubwoko bw'igishushanyo kiboneka, niba ari igishushanyo cy'iteraniro, igishushanyo mbonera, igishushanyo mbonera, cyangwa igishushanyo cy'igice, imbonerahamwe ya BOM.Ubwoko butandukanye bwo gushushanya amatsinda akeneye kwerekana amakuru atandukanye no kwibanda;
-Ku gutunganya imashini, guhitamo no kugena ibintu bikurikira byo gutunganya birimo
A. Guhitamo ibikoresho byo gutunganya
B. Guhitamo ibikoresho byo gutunganya;
C. Guhitamo ibikoresho byo gutunganya;
D. Gahunda yo gutunganya hamwe nibisobanuro:
E. Guhitamo ibikoresho byo kugenzura ubuziranenge;
2.Reba ikintu cyasobanuwe mugushushanya, ni ukuvuga umutwe wigishushanyo;Nubwo buriwese na buri sosiyete ifite ibishushanyo byayo, buriwese akurikiza ibipimo ngenderwaho byigihugu.Itsinda ryibishushanyo ryakozwe kugirango injeniyeri zibone.Niba hari ahantu henshi cyane abandi badashobora gusobanukirwa, itakaza akamaro kayo.Noneho, banza urebe ikintu cyizina, umubare, ingano, ibikoresho (niba bihari), igipimo, igice, nandi makuru mumitwe yumutwe (hepfo iburyo);
3.Menya icyerekezo cyo kureba;Igishushanyo gisanzwe gifite byibura icyerekezo kimwe.Igitekerezo cyo kureba gikomoka kuri projection ya geometrie isobanura, bityo igitekerezo cyibitekerezo bitatu bya Gita kigomba kuba gisobanutse, aricyo shingiro ryibishushanyo byacu.Gusobanukirwa isano iri hagati yibitekerezo ku bishushanyo, dushobora kwerekana imiterere rusange yibicuruzwa dushingiye ku bishushanyo bitari umurongo wa Gita;Ukurikije ihame rya projection, imiterere yikintu irashobora kugaragazwa no gushyira ikintu muri quadrant iyo ari yo yose.Uburyo bwo kubona ibintu byateganijwe mu kwerekana ikintu kuri quadrant ya mbere byitwa uburyo bwa mbere bwa angle projection method.Kubwibyo, muburyo bumwe, uburyo bwa kabiri, ubwa gatatu, nubwa kane burashobora kuboneka.
-Uburyo bwa mbere bukoreshwa cyane mubihugu byu Burayi (nk'Ubwongereza, Ubudage, Ubusuwisi, n'ibindi);
-Uburyo bwa gatatu burasa nicyerekezo tureba aho ikintu gihagaze, bityo ibihugu nka Amerika n'Ubuyapani bikoresha ubu buryo bwa projection
-Dukurikije igipimo cy’igihugu cy’Ubushinwa CNSB1001, uburyo bwa mbere bw’inguni nuburyo bwa gatatu burakoreshwa, ariko ntibushobora gukoreshwa icyarimwe mubishushanyo bimwe.
4.Imiterere yingenzi yibicuruzwa bihuye;Ngiyo ngingo yingenzi yo kureba, isaba kwirundanya hamwe nubushobozi bwo gutekereza;
5.Kugena ibipimo by'ibicuruzwa;
6.Imiterere, ibikoresho, ubunyangamugayo, kwihanganira, inzira, ubukana bwubutaka, kuvura ubushyuhe, kuvura hejuru, nibindi
Biragoye rwose kwiga vuba gusoma amashusho, ariko ntibishoboka.Birakenewe gushiraho urufatiro rukomeye kandi buhoro buhoro, twirinda amakosa mukazi, kandi tuvugana amakuru nabakiriya mugihe gikwiye;
Dushingiye kubintu byavuzwe haruguru, dukeneye kumenya amakuru mugushushanya azagira ingaruka kumahitamo yacu yibyo gutunganya, niho ikoranabuhanga riri.
1. Gushushanya ibintu bigira ingaruka ku guhitamo ibikoresho byo gutunganya:
Igisubizo.Mubisanzwe, duhitamo gukoresha uburiri bwicyuma hamwe numusarani kugirango dutunganyirize ubu buhanga, bujyanye nubuhanga busanzwe kandi byoroshye kwiga.
2. B. Ibikoresho byibice, mubyukuri, gutekereza cyane kubintu byibice ni uburinganire hagati yo gutunganya no gutunganya neza.Birumvikana ko hari n'ibitekerezo bimwe mubijyanye nimiterere yumubiri nubumara, mugihe nanone uzirikana kurekura stress nibindi.Ubu ni siyanse ya kaminuza.
3. C. Gutunganya neza ibice akenshi byemezwa nukuri kubikoresho ubwabyo, ariko kandi bifitanye isano rya hafi nuburyo bwo gutunganya.Kurugero, ugereranije nimashini zisya, uburinganire bwimashini zisya burakennye.Niba ari igihangano gifite ubuso buringaniye busabwa, mubisanzwe birakenewe gutekereza kumashini zisya.Mubyukuri, hari ubwoko bwinshi bwimashini zisya, nkimashini zisya hejuru, imashini zisya silindrike, imashini zisya zitagira hagati, imashini zogusya, nibindi, Ibi nabyo bigomba guhuza imiterere nuburyo bwibice
D. Igiciro cyo gutunganya ibice no kugenzura ibiciro byo gutunganya birashobora gufatwa nkikomatanya ryikoranabuhanga hamwe nubuyobozi bukorerwa kumurimo wo gutunganya imashini, ntabwo arikintu abantu basanzwe bashobora kugeraho.Ibi biragoye kandi bigomba gukusanyirizwa mubikorwa nyirizina.Kurugero, ibisabwa bigoye gutunganyirizwa ibishushanyo ni 1.6, bishobora kuba ibyuma byiza cyangwa gusya, ariko gutunganya neza nigiciro cyibi byombi birasa rwose, Hazabaho rero gucuruza no guhitamo.
2. Gushushanya ibintu bigira ingaruka ku guhitamo ibikoresho byo gutunganya
Igisubizo: Ibikoresho byibice nubwoko bwibintu bisanzwe bisaba guhitamo ibikoresho byo gutunganya, cyane cyane mugutunganya imashini.Ingero zisanzwe zirimo gutunganya ibyuma, gutunganya aluminium, gutunganya ibyuma Q gutunganya, nibindi. Guhitamo ibikoresho kubikoresho bitandukanye biratandukanye rwose, kandi ibikoresho byinshi bifite ibikoresho byihariye byo gutunganya.
B. Gutunganya neza ibice mubisanzwe bigabanijwemo gutunganya ibintu bitoroshye, gutunganya igice, no gutunganya neza mugihe cyo gutunganya.Igabana ryibikorwa ntabwo ari ukuzamura ubwiza bwimashini yibice, ahubwo ni no kunoza imikorere yimashini no kugabanya umusaruro wibibazo bya mashini.Gutezimbere imikorere yimashini bikubiyemo guhitamo ibikoresho byo gukata, ibikoresho bitunganijwe neza, hamwe nibikoresho bitunganijwe neza, Hariho ubwoko butandukanye bwibikoresho bito byongeweho neza L.Gukodesha no kongeramo L nuburyo bubiri bwo kugereranya uburyo bwo kugenzura uburemere bwa mercure no guhindagurika.Ongeraho L gato ku ntama bifite akamaro kanini mugucunga uburemere bwa mercure no kugenzura neza.
C. Guhuza ibikoresho byo gutunganya no gutoranya ibikoresho byo gutunganya nabyo bifitanye isano nibikoresho byo gutunganya, nko gukoresha ibyuma byuma mugutunganya imashini zicyuma, ibikoresho byo guhindura imisarani, hamwe no gusya ibiziga byo gusya imashini.Buri bwoko bwibikoresho byatoranijwe bifite ubumenyi bwihariye nuburyo bwegereye, kandi ibyinshi muburyo bwa tekiniki ntibishobora kuyoborwa nigitekerezo, nicyo kibazo gikomeye kubashakashatsi.D. Igiciro cyo gutunganya ibice, ibikoresho byiza byo gukata bisobanura gukora neza, ubuziranenge, ariko kandi no gukoresha amafaranga menshi, no gushingira cyane kubikoresho bitunganya;Nubwo ibikoresho bibi byo gukata bifite imikorere mike kandi bigoye kugenzura ubuziranenge, ibiciro byabyo birashobora kugenzurwa kandi birakwiriye kubikoresho byo gutunganya.Byumvikane ko, murwego rwo hejuru rwo gutunganya ibintu, kwiyongera kwibiciro byo gutunganya ntibishobora kugenzurwa.
3. Gushushanya ibintu bigira ingaruka kumahitamo yimashini
Igisubizo.Iki nacyo ni ikintu cyingenzi kibuza gutunganya imashini.Mubyukuri, mugikorwa cyo kubaka inganda zubwenge, ikibazo kinini mubikorwa byo gutunganya ibyuma byikora ni automatisation hamwe nogushushanya kwisi yose, nimwe mubibazo bikomeye kubashakashatsi bashushanya
B. Muri rusange, murwego rwo hejuru rwo gutunganya neza igice, niko bisabwa gukora neza.Ubu busobanuro bugaragarira mubintu bitandukanye nko gukomera, ubunyangamugayo, no kuvura imiterere, kandi bigomba kuba ibintu byihariye.Intego rusange zigomba kuba zifite ubwumvikane buke muburyo bwo gutunganya neza imiterere, bityo rero hakaba hari ubucuruzi bunini muri urwo rwego
C. Igishushanyo mbonera cyo gutunganya ibice, nubwo ibishushanyo bitagaragaza inzira igenda, birashobora gucirwa urubanza ukurikije ibishushanyo.Ibi birerekana ubuhanga bwabakozi batari EWBV L1200 na 00, ni injeniyeri yubushakashatsi,
4. Gushushanya ibintu bigira ingaruka kuri gahunda yo gutunganya no kugena ibipimo
Igisubizo
B. Gukora neza, gahunda, hamwe nibipimo byibice bikenera gukenera gukora neza kubice, bityo rero gutunganya neza ibice bigomba gukenerwa ningingo yo gutunganya porogaramu.
C. Ibisabwa bya tekiniki kubice bigaragarira mubishushanyo byinshi, bitagaragaza gusa imiterere yimiterere, uburinganire bwa geometrike, hamwe no kwihanganira geometrike yibice, ariko bikubiyemo n'ibisabwa tekiniki byihariye, nko kuvura kuzimya, kuvura amarangi, kuvura ibibazo. , n'ibindi. Ibi birimo kandi impinduka muburyo bwo gutunganya
5. Gushushanya ibintu bigira ingaruka ku guhitamo ibikoresho byo kugenzura ubuziranenge
A. Imiterere nigaragara ryibice, kimwe nubwiza bwo gutunganya ibice, bigomba gusuzumwa.Abagenzuzi b'ubuziranenge, nk'abantu bafite uburenganzira, barashobora rwose gukora uyu murimo, ariko bashingira ku bikoresho n'ibikoresho bijyanye.Ibice byinshi byo kugenzura ubuziranenge ntibishobora kugenwa gusa nijisho ryonyine
B. Gukora neza no kugenzura ubuziranenge bwibice bigomba kurangizwa hifashishijwe ibikoresho byo kugenzura ubuziranenge kandi buhanitse, nk'imashini zipima imashini, ibikoresho byo gupima laser, n'ibindi. ibikoresho byo kugenzura.
C. Ibisabwa bya tekinike yibice bihuye nibisabwa bya tekiniki nubuziranenge bitandukanye, kandi ibikoresho bitandukanye byo kugenzura bigomba gushyirwaho kugirango bipimishe ubuziranenge.Kurugero, mugupima uburebure, turashobora gukoresha Calipers, abategetsi, imirongo itatu, nibindi.Kugerageza ubukana, turashobora gukoresha igerageza.Kugirango ugerageze ubuso bworoshye, turashobora gukoresha igeragezwa ryikigereranyo cyangwa igereranya ryo kugereranya, nibindi.Ibyavuzwe haruguru nibintu byinshi byinjira kugirango twumve igishushanyo, mubyukuri nubushobozi bwa tekinike yumwuga yabatekinisiye batunganya imashini.Binyuze muri izi ngingo zinjira, dushobora kumva neza no gusobanura igishushanyo, no gutondekanya ibisabwa gushushanya.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-13-2023
